IV.

Education and Culture

The University of Manchester, the University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology (UMIST), and Manchester Metropolitan University are all in Manchester. The University of Salford is based in Salford. Stockport Grammar School was founded in 1487, Manchester Grammar School in 1515, and Chetham's School of Music, Manchester, 1653. They are all public schools.

Sir Robert Peel was born near Bury in 1788, and another prime minister to be, David Lloyd George, came into the world in Manchester in 1863. Thomas De Quincey was born in the same city in 1785, as was the suffragette leader, Emmeline Pankhurst, in 1858. John Dalton, the chemist and physicist, moved to Manchester in 1793, where he remained for the rest of his life and where he did most of his important work. The artist L. S. Lowry was born in Manchester in 1887, and lived and worked for 40 years in Salford, before moving to Cheshire. Rochdale was the birthplace in 1898 of the singer Gracie Fields.

The Manchester Guardian, now The Guardian, one of Britain's broadsheet newspapers, was first published in the city in 1821. Manchester is the site of the main ground of the Lancashire County Cricket Club at Old Trafford, where Test matches are also played. The homes of two of the most prominent rugby league teams, Wigan and Salford, are to be found in the county, as are those of the football clubs Manchester United, Manchester City, Bolton Wanderers, Oldham Athletic, Rochdale, Bury, Wigan Athletic, and Stockport County.