I.

Introduction

Austro-Hungarian Empire or Dual Monarchy, name by which the Central and Eastern European territorial bloc—chiefly modern Austria and Hungary, but also including modern Slovakia and the Czech Republic, much of modern Poland, Slovenia, Croatia, and later Bosnia and Herzegovina—owing allegiance to the Habsburg monarchy was known from its reorganization on the basis of the Compromise (Ausgleich) of December 1867 to its demise in November 1918 following World War I.