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Hardy, Thomas

Bjork, Lennart A., ed. The Literary Notebooks of Thomas Hardy. London: Macmillan, 1985. Critical and textual introduction providing an interesting light on Hardy's thoughts on literature and writing, and the development of his works.

Chapman, Raymond. The Language of Thomas Hardy. Basingstoke and London: Macmillan, 1990. Analytical and biographical detail with excerpts to illustrate his points regarding Hardy's use of dialect, sound, and rhythm.

Collins, Deborah L. Thomas Hardy and his God. A Liturgy of Unbelief. Basingstoke and London: Macmillan, 1990. A study of Hardy's personal philosophy and emotional reasons for writing.

Gattrell, S. Hardy the Creator. A Textual Biography. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1988. Creative history of the works and their development, as well as a study of his career as a fiction writer.

Gittings, Robert. The Older Hardy. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1980. Two important studies.

Gittings, Robert. Young Thomas Hardy. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1978.

Hardy, Florence. The Life of Thomas Hardy. London: Studio Editions Ltd, 1994. Originally 2 v: The Early Life of Thomas Hardy, 1840-1891 and The Later Years of Thomas Hardy, 1892-1928. London: Macmillan, 1928 and 1930. Important biographical information by Hardy's widow, illustrated, with letters, diaries, and reported conversation.

Hawkins, Desmond. Hardy: Novelist and Poet. London: Macmillan, 1981. A critical biography providing the literary and historical context, very good single-volume treatment.

Millgate, Michael. Thomas Hardy, A Biography. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1982. Straightforward biography relating to his life and the influences on his work.

Millgate, Michael., ed. Thomas Hardy: Selected Letters. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1990. Interesting biographical commentary accompanies the letters, providing an interesting picture of the times and Hardy's social context.

Pettit, Charles P. C., ed. New Perspectives on Thomas Hardy. Basingstoke and London: Macmillan, 1994. Eleven critical essays for the general reader and for Hardy scholars.