Russia: Facts and Figures - Facts and Figures

Official name

Russian Federation

Capital

Moscow

Area

17,075,400 sq km

6,592,849 sq mi

Administrative divisions (population)

Adygea

444,900 (2002 estimate)

Altay

204,900 (2002)

Bashkortostan

4,090,600 (2002 estimate)

Buryatia

1,019,400 (2002 estimate)

Chechnya

624,600 (2002 estimate)

Chuvashia

1,346,300 (2002 estimate)

Dagestan

2,176,500 (2002 estimate)

Ingushetia

466,300 (2002 estimate)

Kabardino-Balkaria

782,000 (2002 estimate)

Kalmykia

305,600 (2002 estimate)

Karachay-Cherkessia

428,600 (2002 estimate)

Karelia

756,400 (2002 estimate)

Khakassia

575,400 (2002 estimate)

Komi

1,117,200 (2002 estimate)

Mari El

750,300 (2002 estimate)

Mordovia

910,000 (2002 estimate)

North Ossetia-Alania

678,200 (2002 estimate)

Tatarstan

3,768,200 (2002 estimate)

Tuva

310,300 (2002 estimate)

Udmurtia

1,616,200 (2002 estimate)

Sakha

948,100 (2002)

Largest cities (population)

Moscow

10,469,000 (2003 estimate)

St Petersburg

4,596,000 (2005 estimate)

Novosibirsk

1,405,569 (2004 estimate)

Nizhniy Novgorod

1,370,200 (2007 estimate)

Yekaterinburg

1,304,251 (2004 estimate)

Samara

1,133,418 (2004 estimate)

Omsk

1,142,773 (2004 estimate)

Kazan

1,110,022 (2004 estimate)

Chelyabinsk

1,095,053 (2004 estimate)

Rostov

1,057,958 (2004 estimate)

Ufa

1,036,026 (2004 estimate)

Volgograd

1,034,700 (2007 estimate)

Perm

989,499 (2004 estimate)

Krasnoyarsk

917,195 (2004 estimate)

Saratov

857,961 (2004 estimate)

Voronezh

848,751 (2004 estimate)

Togliatti

704,792 (2004 estimate)

Ul’yanovsk

623,139 (2004 estimate)

Izhevsk

623,436 (2004 estimate)

Khabarovsk

579,047 (2004 estimate)

Population

140,041,250 (2009 estimate)

Population growth rate

-0.47 per cent (2009 estimate)

Population density

8.2 persons per sq km (2009 estimate)

21 persons per sq mi (2009 estimate)

Urbanization

Per cent urban

73 per cent (2005 estimate)

Per cent rural

27 per cent (2005 estimate)

Life expectancy

Total

66 years (2009 estimate)

Female

73.1 years (2009 estimate)

Male

59.3 years (2009 estimate)

Infant mortality rate

11 deaths per 1,000 live births (2009 estimate)

Literacy rate

Total

99.5 per cent (2007 estimate)

Female

99.4 per cent (2007 estimate)

Male

99.7 per cent (2007 estimate)

Ethnic divisions

Russian

81.5 per cent

Tatar

3.8 per cent

Ukrainian

3.0 per cent

Chuvash

1.2 per cent

Bashkir

0.9 per cent

Belorussian, Udmurt, Kazakh, Moldavian, Jewish, other

9.6 per cent

Languages

Russian (official), Armenian, Avar, Azerbaijani, Bashkir, Belarusan, Buriat, Chechen, Chuvash, Georgian, Kazakh, Mari, Osetin, Tatar, Udmurt, Ukrainian, Uzbek, Yakut, others

Religions

Russian Orthodox, Muslim, other

Type of government

Federal republic

Independence

August 24, 1991 (from Union of Soviet Socialist Republics [USSR])

Constitution

December 12, 1993

Voting rights

Universal at age 18

Gross domestic product (GDP) (US$)

1,290,082 million (2007)

GDP per capita (US$)

9,078.70 (2007)

GDP by economic sector

GDP, agriculture

4.8 per cent (2007)

GDP, industry

38.5 per cent (2007)

GDP, services

56.8 per cent (2007)

National budget (US$)

Total revenue

407,176 million (2007)

Total expenditure

299,017 million (2007)

Monetary unit

1 rouble (R), consisting of 100 kopeks

Exports

Petroleum and petroleum products, natural gas, raw materials, wood and wood products, metals, chemicals, machinery and industrial equipment, and a wide variety of civilian and military manufactured products

Imports

Machinery and equipment, medical supplies, chemicals, consumer goods, foodstuffs, wood and paper products, semi-finished metal products

Major trading partners for exports

Ukraine, Germany, United States, Japan, Switzerland, China, Italy, the Netherlands, United Kingdom

Major trading partners for imports

Ukraine, Germany, Kazakhstan, United States, Belarus, Finland, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland

Industries

Mining and metallurgy, steel, machinery, transport equipment, medical and scientific instruments, footwear, food processing, tobacco, watches and clocks, bicycles, appliances, textiles, handicrafts, shipbuilding, aircraft and space vehicles, chemicals

Agriculture

Grain, potatoes, sugar beet, vegetables; livestock and livestock products, poultry, sheep, goats, cattle, pigs, eggs, meat, milk, wool

Natural resources

Large deposits of petroleum, natural gas, coal, gold, diamonds, copper, silver, lead, peat, iron ore, phosphates, nickel, manganese, timber

NOTE: Climate, terrain, and distance create formidable obstacles that hinder exploitation of natural resources

Basic Facts and People sections

Area data are from the statistical bureaus of individual countries. Population, population growth rate, and population projections are from the United States Census Bureau, International Programs Center, International Data Base (IDB) (www.census.gov). Urban and rural population data are from the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations (UN), FAOSTAT database (www.fao.org). Largest cities population data and political divisions data are from the statistical bureaus of individual countries. Ethnic divisions and religion data are largely from the latest Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) World Factbook and from various country censuses and reports. Language data are largely from the Ethnologue, Languages of the World, Summer Institute of Linguistics International (www.sil.org).

Health and Education section

Life expectancy and infant mortality data are from the United States Census Bureau, International Programs Center, International database (IDB) (www.census.gov). Population per physician and population per hospital bed data are from the World Health Organization (WHO) (www.who.int). Education data are from the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) database (www.unesco.org).

Government section

Government, independence, legislature, constitution, highest court, and voting qualifications data are largely from various government Web sites, the latest Europa World Yearbook, and the latest Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) World Factbook. The armed forces data are from Military Balance.

Economy section

Gross domestic product (GDP), GDP per capita, GDP by economic sectors, employment, and national budget data are from the World Bank database (www.worldbank.org). Monetary unit, agriculture, mining, manufacturing, exports, imports, and major trade partner information is from the latest Europa World Yearbook and various International Monetary Fund (IMF) publications.

Energy, Communication, and Transportation section

Electricity information is from the Energy Information Administration (EIA) database (www.eia.doe.gov). Radio, telephone, television, and newspaper information is from the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) database (www.unesco.org). Internet hosts, motor vehicles, and road data are from the World Bank database (www.worldbank.org).

Note

Figures may not total 100 per cent due to rounding.