Dominica

I

Introduction

Dominica, formally Commonwealth of Dominica, independent republic in the Caribbean Sea, one of the Windward Islands, bordered by Guadeloupe to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the east, Martinique to the south, and the Caribbean Sea to the west. It has an area of 750 sq km (289 sq mi). The capital, major town, and port is Roseau.

II

Land and Resources

Dominica is volcanic in origin and has a mountainous terrain, with several peaks rising above 1,220 m (4,000 ft). The mountains are still covered in virgin rainforest, much of which is protected as forest reserves or national parks. However, the expansion of agriculture and the timber industry threatens much of the country’s rainforest. The highest point is Morne Diablotin (1,447 m/4,747 ft).

A

Rivers and Lakes

There are many rivers flowing off the steep mountainsides, with lots of waterfalls. The highest lake is Boeri, between Morne Macaque and Morne Trois Pitons. The Freshwater Lake, nearby, is the drinking water reservoir for Roseau. There is a hydroelectricity project in this area. Further south, Boiling Lake (92° C) is one of the largest thermal lakes in the world. The valley below it is known as the Valley of Desolation because of the devastation to the forest caused by the sulphurous gases.

B

Climate

The island has a tropical climate with an average annual temperature of about 26.7° C (80° F). The annual rainfall is considerable, ranging from about 1,780 mm (70 in) on the coast to more than three times that figure in the mountains. The island is at risk from tropical storms and hurricanes from July to November.