Durand, Asher B(rown)

Durand, Asher B(rown) (1796-1886), American engraver and painter, born in South Orange, New Jersey. Trained by an engraver and at the American Academy of Fine Arts, he established his reputation as a printmaker with his 1823 engraving of the painting The Declaration of Independence, painted by John Trumbull. Subsequently Durand engraved more than 50 portraits of such personages as the general and American President Andrew Jackson, the statesman Henry Clay, and several other American presidents. After 1835 he devoted himself primarily to painting, initially concentrating on figure pieces and portraits, but later turning to realistic landscapes, mostly of the Hudson River valley and New England. With Thomas Cole he originated the Hudson River School of landscape painting; he was one of the first Americans to encourage painting outdoors.

Among examples of Durand's work are Old Oak (1844, New York Historical Society, New York); Kindred Spirits, showing Thomas Cole and the American poet William Cullen Bryant admiring a view (1849, New York Public Library, New York); and Catskill Clove (1866, Century Association, New York). In 1825 Durand was a founder of the National Academy of Design; he served as the academy's president from 1845 to 1861.