Argyll, Archibald Campbell, 9th Earl of

Argyll, Archibald Campbell, 9th Earl of (1629-1685), Scottish nobleman, son of the 8th earl. During the second phase of the English Civil War, he fought for Charles II against Oliver Cromwell at Dunbar, Scotland, in 1650. After the Restoration, Argyll increasingly criticized the government. Subsequently, he was arrested for treason and his estates were seized. He escaped to the Netherlands, where he joined the conspiracy to capture the English throne for James Scott, duke of Monmouth. Argyll led an invasion of Scotland in support of Monmouth in 1685, but was captured and beheaded.