Max Born

Max Born (1882-1970), German-born British physicist and Nobel laureate, born in Breslau (now Wrocław, Poland) and educated at the universities of Breslau, Heidelberg, Zurich, Göttingen, and Cambridge. In 1921, after teaching successively at the universities of Göttingen, Berlin, and Frankfurt, he was appointed Professor of Theoretical Physics at Göttingen. He escaped to England in 1933, a refugee from Nazi Germany, and acquired British citizenship in 1939. During his first three years in England he conducted research at the University of Cambridge. He was Tait Professor of Natural Philosophy at the University of Edinburgh from 1936 to 1953. An outstanding theoretical physicist noted for his fundamental contributions to quantum theory, Born shared the 1954 Nobel Prize for Physics with the German physicist Walter Bothe. His works include Einstein's Theory of Relativity (1922), Atomic Physics (1935), Natural Philosophy of Cause and Chance (1949), Physics and Politics (1962), and My Life and My Views (1968).